Conclusion
The philosophical basis of modern western moral education relies on significant contributions from several western scholars. Theoreticians and Philosophers, notably Emile Durkheim, John Dewey, Kohlberg, and Immanuel Kant, contributed to the scholarship, and all of them were greatly influenced by Greek philosophers.
The traditional western theories of moral meaning are dialectically derived between individuals and society. The individual’s western conception has deep philosophical roots in whether morality is primarily a group experience or a unique phenomenon. Many scholars believe that moral truth is socially constructed, qualified, and formed through immersion in the social body. These individuals reject the distinction between individual and social morality. Societies in the western liberal democracy are becoming increasingly secular where religion and spirituality are losing their impact or are less valued. The situation has an overarching effect on morals, values, ethics, and virtues, and society may not get the full benefit.
Many leaders of nations today do not demonstrate the normal spiritual and moral rectitude expected of their offices. They have no good moral records, philosophical orientation, ideology, or political mentors. I am an African America, and I come from a country in Arica known as Nigeria. The Political leaders in that country are morally bankrupt. Nigeria’s current leadership from Presidency downwards comprises significantly older adults who have wasted years in office without meaningful peace. The nation’s progress, under whose watch this country’s economy is collapsing, the currency destroyed, inflation skyrocketing, and lives are being wasted without the leader showing any competence or empathy? Power is beyond the reach of the honest and knowledgeable professionals who can help the country that is monopolized by politicians who recycle themselves and have created an upper class imposed upon their wealth. The corruption and nepotism currently being promoted are due to a lack of spiritual conversion and godly character, which usually undergirds rulers and leaders’ behavior for progressive nationhood. In the days of the Biblical Prophets, leaders are kept in check on behalf of God. It is a calamity that the prophetic voice is gone.
Alexander attributes his positioning and feat to being specially tutored by the great philosopher Aristotle. The philosopher-king concept did not begin with Alexander; its archetype in Israel’s kings such as David and Solomon, godly rulers whose impact and legacies endure today. Their reigns observed a combination of theocracy and democracy. All through the early church, Reformation, and missionary eras of Christianity, Christianity influenced governance, nationhood, and education until the early stages of European civilizations.
According to (pew forum, 2021), religious and ethical values have some principles that can enhance the affectionate relationship between God and man on the one hand and man and man on the other hand. These values are essential to morally oriented social living and lifestyle. They connect the demands of change and challenges in political, economic, or cultural contexts; and sustain and transmit positive values to the people through informal and formal education.
